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United Kingdom
2024
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
As previously recommended, consideration should be given to a comprehensive review of the legislation well in advance of the next elections to harmonize, clarify and update respective laws. To enhance gender equality and mainstream gender considerations in the legal system, gender-neutral language should be utilized in the drafting of the electoral legislation.
Recommendation # in final report:
1
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Legal Framework
Secondary thematic area:
Participation of Women
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Legal Framework and Electoral System
United Kingdom
2024
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
To ensure effective election preparations and minimize the risks of errors in implementing election procedures, the law should be amended to allow for adequate time between the dissolution of Parliament and election day.
Recommendation # in final report:
2
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Election Administration
Secondary thematic area:
Electoral System
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Administration
United Kingdom
2024
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
To ensure the accuracy of voter registers and avoid multiple registrations, the authorities could consider introducing a UK-wide voter register or a voter information exchange system for use by Electoral Registration Officers. Voters should have an easy-to-use possibility to check their registration online.
Recommendation # in final report:
3
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Voter Registration
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Voter Registration
United Kingdom
2024
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
Consideration could be given to lowering the limit for permissibility checks to donations and requiring donations above a certain low threshold to be made through bank transfers.
Recommendation # in final report:
4
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Campaign Finance
United Kingdom
2024
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
Consideration could be given to extending the oversight, investigative and sanctioning powers of the EC and providing it with the necessary resources for enforcement, including with regard to candidates. To ensure the efficiency of the oversight process, an effective, proportional and dissuasive sanctioning regime could be imposed.
Recommendation # in final report:
5
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Secondary thematic area:
Election Dispute Resolution (EDR)
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Campaign Finance
United Kingdom
2024
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
Existing legislative and policy frameworks to counter strategic lawsuits against public participation (SLAPPs) should be further strengthened, particularly regarding structural and procedural safeguards and remedies, support for targets and victims, and the development of education, training, and awareness-raising programmes.
Recommendation # in final report:
6
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Media
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Media
United Kingdom
2024
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
To ensure the accessibility of legal remedies, consideration should be given to removing or minimizing the costs associated with filing a complaint. Consideration could also be given to extending legal standing to all electoral stakeholders.
Recommendation # in final report:
7
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Election Dispute Resolution (EDR)
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Dispute Resolution
United Kingdom
2024
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
Consideration could be given to introducing a mandatory parliamentary vote for the dissolution of parliament as a pre-condition for approving the calling of early elections.
Recommendation # in final report:
8
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Legal Framework
Secondary thematic area:
Electoral System
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Legal framework and electoral system
United Kingdom
2024
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
To promote gender equality and improve accessibility to gender-related data, information about the composition of the electoral administration should be made available in a comprehensive manner.
Recommendation # in final report:
9
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Election Administration
Secondary thematic area:
Participation of Women
Type of change required:
Practice
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election administration
United Kingdom
2024
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
To maintain full public confidence in election administration, the authorities should review the need for the Strategy and Policy Statement for the Electoral Commission. In case this instrument is kept, its contents should be reviewed to exclude any negative impact on the commission’s status as an independent body.
Recommendation # in final report:
10
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Election Administration
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election administration
United Kingdom
2024
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
The blanket deprivation of voting rights of citizens serving a prison sentence should be revised in line with international standards.
Recommendation # in final report:
11
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Voter Registration
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Voter Registration
United Kingdom
2024
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
To facilitate equal participation of voters, election authorities could conduct a comprehensive survey to determine the impact of the photo ID requirement on different categories of voters, especially young voters, ethnic minorities, women, and transgender persons.
Recommendation # in final report:
12
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Voter Registration
Secondary thematic area:
Election Day
Type of change required:
Practice
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Voter Registration
United Kingdom
2024
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
Consideration should be given to cancelling the use of proxy voting and exploring alternative voting methods which duly uphold the OSCE commitments and other international standards for democratic elections.
Recommendation # in final report:
13
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Voter Registration
Secondary thematic area:
Election Day
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Voter Registration
United Kingdom
2024
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
Legislative measures or other temporary special measures should be considered to promote the inclusion of women candidates. Political parties could consider ways to further increase gender balance.
Recommendation # in final report:
14
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Candidate Registration
Secondary thematic area:
Participation of Women
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Candidate Registration
United Kingdom
2024
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
To enhance transparency and consistency in applying the rules for digital imprints on campaign materials, the election administration should develop and disseminate clear guidelines, including visual examples.
Recommendation # in final report:
15
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign
Secondary thematic area:
Media
Type of change required:
Practice
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Campaign
United Kingdom
2024
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
To ensure the transparency of campaign finance, consideration could be given to lowering the established reporting thresholds and setting expenditure upper limits to ensure a level playing field.
Recommendation # in final report:
16
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Campaign Finance
United Kingdom
2024
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
In line with international standards, consideration could be given to imposing an annual donation threshold for a permissible donor to prevent the undue influence of large contributors.
Recommendation # in final report:
17
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Campaign Finance
United Kingdom
2024
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
To increase transparency, permissibility requirements should be imposed on unincorporated associations, as well as a more transparent reporting regime concerning their political financial activities.
Recommendation # in final report:
18
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Campaign Finance
United Kingdom
2024
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
To ensure transparency and predictability of record-keeping and reporting, consideration could be given to establishing a clear timeline for election campaigns and reporting obligations.
Recommendation # in final report:
19
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Secondary thematic area:
Campaign
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Campaign Finance
United Kingdom
2024
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
In order to increase transparency of reporting, the law could be amended to require the Electoral Commission to publish online all campaign finance disclosures in a user-friendly format.
Recommendation # in final report:
20
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Campaign Finance
United Kingdom
2024
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
Consideration should be given to increasing the engagement of the government and political parties in promoting the electoral rights of persons with disabilities and ensuring that election information and awareness campaigns are fully inclusive and target all segments of the population, in particular those that are marginalized or disadvantaged.
Recommendation # in final report:
21
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Participation of Persons with Disabilities
Secondary thematic area:
Election Administration
Type of change required:
Practice
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Participation of Persons with Disabilities
United Kingdom
2024
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
In line with international good practice, the electoral legislation should explicitly allow for citizen and international observation of all aspects of the electoral process.
Recommendation # in final report:
22
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Citizen and International Observation
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Observation
United Kingdom
2024
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
In line with international standards, consideration should be given to providing for the timely review of election-related disputes, including those related to the nomination of candidates, to ensure these matters are resolved before election day.
Recommendation # in final report:
23
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Election Dispute Resolution (EDR)
Secondary thematic area:
Candidate Registration
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Dispute Resolution
United Kingdom
2024
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
To strengthen the integrity of voting procedures, consideration should be given to adding the requirement for voters to sign the voters’ list before receiving a ballot paper and, at the same time, abandoning the use of serial numbers on ballot papers.
Recommendation # in final report:
24
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Election Day
Secondary thematic area:
Election Administration
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Day
United Kingdom
2017
Early election
EET
Parliamentary
elections
Consideration could be given to establishing annual limits on the amount a single permissible donor may contribute to a political party or a candidate, in order to prevent undue influence of large contributors.
Recommendation # in final report:
1
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not implemented
Year of assessment:
2024
Final report heading:
Party and Campaign Finance
United Kingdom
2017
Early election
EET
Parliamentary
elections
Consideration could be given to establishing a single formula for calculation of expenditure limits for political parties with a view to ensure equality and consistency of financial rules. In order to address the blurring of campaign expenditure at the national and local levels, consideration could be given to further clarifying political party spending focused on constituencies.
Recommendation # in final report:
2
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not implemented
Year of assessment:
2024
Final report heading:
Party and Campaign Finance
United Kingdom
2017
Early election
EET
Parliamentary
elections
Consideration could be given to lower the reporting threshold of donations to enhance the transparency of the sources of political finance.
Recommendation # in final report:
3
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not implemented
Year of assessment:
2024
Final report heading:
Party and Campaign Finance
United Kingdom
2017
Early election
EET
Parliamentary
elections
Consideration could be given to vesting the EC with investigative and sanctioning powers for offences relating to candidates’ spending and donations. The overall EC’s role and effectiveness for oversight of party finance regulation could be strengthened with increased sanctioning authority.
Recommendation # in final report:
4
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Secondary thematic area:
Election Dispute Resolution (EDR)
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not implemented
Year of assessment:
2024
Final report heading:
Party and Campaign Finance
United Kingdom
2017
Early election
EET
Parliamentary
elections
Consideration could be given to establish regular measurement framework in which the OFCOM would assess plurality within different media markets with an aim to achieve transparency and to prevent undue influence.
Recommendation # in final report:
5
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Media
Type of change required:
Sub-legal
Status of implementation:
Not implemented
Year of assessment:
2024
Final report heading:
Media
United Kingdom
2015
EET
Parliamentary
elections
The OSCE/ODIHR reiterates its recommendation to address the deviation in constituencies from the electoral quota to ensure equality of the vote.
Recommendation # in final report:
1
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Electoral System
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Fully
Year of assessment:
2024
Final report heading:
Electoral System and Legal Framework
United Kingdom
2015
EET
Parliamentary
elections
The OSCE/ODIHR reiterates its recommendation that the existing legislation on the suffrage rights of prisoners should be brought in line with the judgments of the ECtHR.
Recommendation # in final report:
2
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Voter Registration
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not implemented
Year of assessment:
2024
Final report heading:
Voter Registration
United Kingdom
2015
EET
Parliamentary
elections
Authorities should consider removing the numbering on the back of the ballot linked to individual voters, which challenges the principle of secrecy of the vote.
Recommendation # in final report:
3
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Election Day
Secondary thematic area:
Election Administration
Type of change required:
Sub-legal
Status of implementation:
Not implemented
Year of assessment:
2024
Final report heading:
Election Administration
United Kingdom
2015
EET
Parliamentary
elections
Consideration could be given to configuring the online registration system to enable voters to verify their status, including the eligibility for different elections.
Recommendation # in final report:
4
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Voter Registration
Type of change required:
Practice
Status of implementation:
Not implemented
Year of assessment:
2024
Final report heading:
Voter Registration
United Kingdom
2015
EET
Parliamentary
elections
Consideration could be given to reviewing the rules to allow ROs to request voters to correct their application or to accept postal ballots in clear cases of transposition mistakes following the verification of voter personal identifiers.
Recommendation # in final report:
5
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Voter Registration
Secondary thematic area:
Election Administration
Type of change required:
Sub-legal
Status of implementation:
Not implemented
Year of assessment:
2024
Final report heading:
Voter Registration
United Kingdom
2015
EET
Parliamentary
elections
To enhance transparency, the authorities could consider adopting measures to require parties competing in the elections to accelerate the disclosure of campaign income and expenditure, linking it more closely to election timeframes.
Recommendation # in final report:
6
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Type of change required:
Sub-legal
Status of implementation:
Not implemented
Year of assessment:
2024
Final report heading:
Party and Campaign Finance
United Kingdom
2015
EET
Parliamentary
elections
Consideration could be given to limiting the amount a single donor may contribute to a candidate or political party in a year, in order to ensure that the democratic process is not distorted by undue influence of big donors, in line with Recommendation (2003) 4 of the Council of Europe, Committee of Ministers.
Recommendation # in final report:
7
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not implemented
Year of assessment:
2024
Final report heading:
Party and Campaign Finance
United Kingdom
2015
EET
Parliamentary
elections
Consideration could be given to adhering to a single formula for calculation of expenditure limits for political parties in view of ensuring equality and consistency of financial rules.
Recommendation # in final report:
8
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not implemented
Year of assessment:
2024
Final report heading:
Party and Campaign Finance
United Kingdom
2015
EET
Parliamentary
elections
Consideration could be given to reviewing campaign finance rules pertaining to third-parties, in view of ensuring transparency, integrity and accountability without unduly limiting their activities.
Recommendation # in final report:
9
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Secondary thematic area:
Campaign
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Mostly
Year of assessment:
2024
Final report heading:
Party and Campaign Finance
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