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Poland
2025
LEOM
Presidential
To ensure the institutional independence of the media regulator, the appointment process should be revised to prevent dominance by any single political force, with staggered terms and transparent selection criteria. KRRiT should ensure transparency in the imposition of sanctions and allocation of licenses.
Recommendation # in final report:
26
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Media
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Media
Poland
2025
LEOM
Presidential
Public service broadcasters should ensure that all political parties and candidates are presented in an impartial and objective manner. The legal framework should explicitly prohibit the use of public media resources for the preferential treatment of any party or candidate and provide for effective oversight.
Recommendation # in final report:
27
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Media
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Media
Poland
2025
LEOM
Presidential
To provide for an effective legal remedy, the legal framework should be amended to allow for voters and other affected parties to challenge National Election Commission guidelines and clarifications.
Recommendation # in final report:
28
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Election Dispute Resolution (EDR)
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Dispute Resolution
Poland
2025
LEOM
Presidential
The review of election-related complaints and challenges to results by the Supreme Court should be conducted in open sessions where the parties to the case are given the opportunity to be heard.
Recommendation # in final report:
29
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Election Dispute Resolution (EDR)
Type of change required:
Practice
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Dispute Resolution
Poland
2025
LEOM
Presidential
All electoral challenges should be made public and all related rulings should be published promptly. Deadlines for electoral dispute resolution should allow complainants adequate time to prepare submissions that meet legal requirements and also allow the Supreme Court sufficient time to review each complaint, deliberate and issue a fully reasoned decision.
Recommendation # in final report:
30
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Election Dispute Resolution (EDR)
Type of change required:
Practice
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Dispute Resolution
Poland
2025
LEOM
Presidential
To increase transparency, the rights of citizen observers should be enhanced to allow for meaningful observation at all levels of the election administration and at all stages of the electoral process, including during signature verification and tabulation. In line with international good practice, citizen observers should remain impartial during the electoral process.
Recommendation # in final report:
31
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Citizen and International Observation
Secondary thematic area:
Election Day
Type of change required:
Sub-legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Observation
Poland
2019
LEOM
Parliamentary
elections
The legal framework should be reviewed to address the shortcomings identified in this and prior ODIHR reports, following an inclusive and meaningful public debate. The legal framework should ensure the independence and impartiality of institutions which are responsible for safeguarding the integrity of the electoral process, including the National Election Commission.
Recommendation # in final report:
1
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not implemented
Year of assessment:
2025
Final report heading:
Legal Framework and Electoral System
Poland
2019
LEOM
Parliamentary
elections
To ensure a clear separation between state and party, measures should be taken to separate government administration and party campaigning, including by amending legislation to adequately define and regulate campaigning by public officials, and to explicitly prohibit the abuse of state resources in election campaigns.
Recommendation # in final report:
2
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Campaign
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not implemented
Year of assessment:
2025
Final report heading:
Election Campaign
Poland
2019
LEOM
Parliamentary
elections
Relevant legislation, including the criminal code, should be revised to provide for clear mechanisms for authorities to prevent and counter instances of hate speech. Electoral contestants should refrain from using intolerant rhetoric and authorities should promptly condemn any such cases.
Recommendation # in final report:
3
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Campaign
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not implemented
Year of assessment:
2025
Final report heading:
Election Campaign
Poland
2019
LEOM
Parliamentary
elections
The public broadcasters should ensure that all parties are presented in an impartial and objective manner. Favourable treatment of a political party by public media should be treated as an illegal use of public funds.
Recommendation # in final report:
4
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Media
Secondary thematic area:
Campaign
Type of change required:
Practice
Status of implementation:
Not implemented
Year of assessment:
2025
Final report heading:
Media
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