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Poland
2025
LEOM
Presidential
The legal framework should be amended to guarantee the editorial and financial independence of public service media, including sustainable funding mechanisms not subject to annual political discretion, and transparent, merit-based procedures for appointing and dismissing management and supervisory bodies.
Recommendation # in final report:
6
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Media
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Media
Poland
2025
LEOM
Presidential
In order to effectively guarantee freedom of expression, defamation and libel should be fully decriminalized by completely removing the relevant provisions from the Criminal Code and ensuring that civil law provides effective safeguards against abusive litigation, including early dismissal procedures and cost recovery provisions for defendants facing frivolous lawsuits, in line with the EU anti-SLAPP directive.
Recommendation # in final report:
7
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Media
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Media
Poland
2025
LEOM
Presidential
The Election Code should be reviewed to provide for an effective remedy regarding complaints challenging the election results after the first round.
Recommendation # in final report:
8
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Election Dispute Resolution (EDR)
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Dispute Resolution
Poland
2025
LEOM
Presidential
In line with international standards and OSCE commitments, authorities should take additional steps to enhance women’s participation in the electoral process and political decision-making. Political parties should identify and address barriers to women’s involvement in politics, especially in leadership roles, including by conducting gender audits and reviewing internal practices hindering women’s effective representation within party structures.
Recommendation # in final report:
9
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Participation of Women
Type of change required:
Practice
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Background and Political Context
Poland
2025
LEOM
Presidential
To facilitate the development of targeted strategies for enhancing women’s participation, disaggregated data on gender representation in the election administration should be collected and published in a comprehensive manner.
Recommendation # in final report:
10
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Participation of Women
Secondary thematic area:
Election Administration
Type of change required:
Practice
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Administration
Poland
2025
LEOM
Presidential
To enhance professionalism of the lower-level election administration and ensure consistent implementation of election day procedures, standardized mandatory and comprehensive training could be considered for all PEC members. Consideration could be given to organizing additional training between the two rounds.
Recommendation # in final report:
11
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Election Administration
Secondary thematic area:
Election Day
Type of change required:
Practice
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Administration
Poland
2025
LEOM
Presidential
Continuous efforts should be made in close co-operation with disabled persons’ organizations, to ensure persons with disabilities can vote autonomously, including ensuring the premises and layout of polling stations are suitable for independent access and providing electoral information in formats accessible to persons with different types of disabilities.
Recommendation # in final report:
12
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Participation of Persons with Disabilities
Secondary thematic area:
Election Administration
Type of change required:
Practice
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Administration
Poland
2025
LEOM
Presidential
To enhance the integrity of the process, additional measures should be taken to protect the secrecy of the ballot and prevent group voting including by enforcing legislation, training PEC members accordingly, and improving voter education.
Recommendation # in final report:
13
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Election Administration
Secondary thematic area:
Election Day
Type of change required:
Practice
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Administration
Poland
2025
LEOM
Presidential
The law should provide that ballots are considered valid as long as the intention of the voter is clear and unambiguous. Consideration could be given to provide for a replacement ballot to be issued when a voter makes a mistake when marking the ballot.
Recommendation # in final report:
14
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Legal Framework
Secondary thematic area:
Election Administration
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Administration
Poland
2025
LEOM
Presidential
All restrictions on the electoral rights of persons with intellectual or psychosocial disabilities should be removed in line with international obligations.
Recommendation # in final report:
15
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Voter Registration
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Voter Registration
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