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Poland
2023
LEOM
Parliamentary
elections
To ensure the equality of the vote, the authorities should periodically redistribute mandates among the constituencies to adjust to population shifts.
Recommendation # in final report:
11
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Legal Framework
Secondary thematic area:
Electoral System
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Legal Framework and Electoral System
Poland
2023
LEOM
Parliamentary
elections
Consideration could be given to allocating out-of-country votes through a more equitable system, which should be decided upon through an inclusive and consultative process.
Recommendation # in final report:
12
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Electoral System
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Legal Framework and Electoral System
Poland
2023
LEOM
Parliamentary
elections
The National Election Commission could improve the clarity and accessibility of information to lower levels of the election administration and the public.
Recommendation # in final report:
14
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Election Administration
Type of change required:
Practice
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Year of assessment:
2025
Final report heading:
Election Administration
Poland
2023
LEOM
Parliamentary
elections
Political parties should consider further mechanisms to promote greater participation of women. Such mechanisms could include internal policies that work to facilitate women’s advancement in party leadership and decision-making positions and give greater visibility to women in the campaign. Authorities could also consider incentives to increase inclusion and visibility of women in party structures.
Recommendation # in final report:
18
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign
Secondary thematic area:
Participation of Women
Type of change required:
Practice
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Year of assessment:
2025
Final report heading:
Election Campaign
Poland
2023
LEOM
Parliamentary
elections
The legislation should be amended to comprehensively regulate funding of referendum campaigns including clear rules on incomes, spending and reporting.
Recommendation # in final report:
19
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Secondary thematic area:
Campaign
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Campaign Finance
Poland
2025
LEOM
Presidential
A comprehensive legislative reform should be undertaken to implement outstanding ODIHR recommendations and further align the legal framework with OSCE commitments, international standards, and good practice.
Recommendation # in final report:
1
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Electoral System and Legal Framework
Poland
2025
LEOM
Presidential
To ensure a clear separation between campaigning and public functions, the law should be amended to define the scope of permissible activities by public officials during campaigns. Public officials should uphold the principles of neutrality and avoid conflating official duties with campaign activities, in line with international good practice and existing NEC clarifications.
Recommendation # in final report:
2
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Legal Framework
Secondary thematic area:
Campaign
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Campaign
Poland
2025
LEOM
Presidential
To enhance transparency of campaign finance, electoral committees should be required to provide detailed income and expenditure reports, including the funds received from parties, the total amount of donations below the disclosure threshold, as well as their expenditures before and in between election days. To enable public scrutiny, disclosure should be made in an easily accessible, user-friendly and searchable manner, while the NEC should be obliged to monitor compliance with the disclosure obligations.
Recommendation # in final report:
3
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Campaign Finance
Poland
2025
LEOM
Presidential
To ensure full transparency of its decision-making, election administration should hold public sessions, issue invites and publish the draft agendas and minutes of relevant sessions in a timely manner.
Recommendation # in final report:
4
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Election Administration
Type of change required:
Practice
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Administration
Poland
2025
LEOM
Presidential
To enhance transparency and accountability of campaign finance, third party campaigning should be regulated. Campaign materials and online advertisements without the legally required attributes to an electoral committee should be eliminated promptly.
Recommendation # in final report:
5
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Secondary thematic area:
Campaign
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Campaign Finance
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